I-AC/DC MCB: Isisombululo soKhuselo oluBini

UkuqondaIi-AC, ii-DC, kunye nee-MCB: Isikhokelo Esipheleleyo

Kwihlabathi lobunjineli bombane kunye nokusasazwa kwamandla, i-AC (alternating current), i-DC (direct current), kunye ne-MCB (miniature circuit breakers) ziingcamango ezisisiseko ekufuneka ziqondwe yiyo yonke ingcali kunye nomthandi. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa nzulu ezi zinto zintathu ziphambili, lihlola iinkcazo zazo, usetyenziso kunye nobudlelwane bazo.

Yintoni i-AC?

I-Alternating current (AC) yi-electric current ejika icala rhoqo. Ngokungafaniyo ne-direct current (DC), ehamba kwicala elinye, i-AC ibonakaliswa yi-sinusoidal waveform kwaye lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-alternating current kwiinkqubo zamandla. I-frequency ye-AC ilinganiswa kwi-Hertz (Hz), apho i-50 Hz iyi-frequency eqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi kunye ne-60 Hz eMntla Melika.

I-AC isetyenziswa kakhulu ekusasazweni kwamandla kuba inokuguqulwa ngokulula ibe zii-voltage ezahlukeneyo, nto leyo evumela ukuba idluliselwe ngokufanelekileyo kumgama omde. Olu buchule lubalulekile ekuhambiseni umbane emakhaya, kumashishini nakwimizi-mveliso. Ubuchule bokunyusa i-voltage yokudlulisa kunye nokunciphisa i-voltage ukuze isetyenziswe ngokukhuselekileyo yenye yezona nzuzo ziphambili ze-AC.

Yintoni iDC?

Kwelinye icala, i-Direct current (DC) yindlela enye yokuhamba kwetshaja yombane. Kwisekethe ye-DC, itshaja ihamba kwicala elingaguqukiyo, elihlala liveliswa zizixhobo ezifana neebhetri, iiphaneli zelanga, kunye neeseli zepetroli. Amandla e-DC abalulekile kwizixhobo ezininzi ze-elektroniki, kubandakanya iikhompyutha, ii-smartphones, kunye nezibane ze-LED, kuba ezi zixhobo zifuna i-voltage eqinileyo ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Nangona i-DC ingasebenzi kakuhle njenge-AC ekudluliseni umgama omde, iye yathandwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ingakumbi ngokukhula kwamandla avuselelekayo kunye nezithuthi zombane. Iitekhnoloji ezifana neenkqubo zamandla achanekileyo aphezulu (i-HVDC) ziye zavela ukuze kuvumeleke ukuhanjiswa kwamandla e-DC ngokufanelekileyo kumgama omde.

Yintoni i-MCB?

I-miniature circuit breaker (MCB) sisitshixo esizenzekelayo esikhusela iisekethe zombane kwi-overloads kunye nee-short circuits. Ii-MCB zenzelwe ukuqhawula iisekethe xa umbane udlula kwinqanaba elimiselweyo, zikhusela izixhobo zombane kumonakalo onokubakho kwaye zinciphise umngcipheko wemililo yombane. Ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kwizixhobo zombane zanamhlanje, zibonelela ngeendlela ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo zokukhusela iisekethe.

Ii-MCB ziyafumaneka kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeereyithingi kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo ezahlukeneyo. Zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwiindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye nezoshishino ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kweenkqubo zombane. Iingenelo ze-MCB kunee-fuse zendabuko ziquka ukukhubeka okuhlengahlengiswayo, ixesha lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuthembeka okwandisiweyo.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-AC, i-DC kunye ne-MCB

Ukuqonda ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-AC, i-DC, kunye nee-MCB kubalulekile kuye nabani na osebenza kubunjineli bombane okanye ekugcinweni. Ii-MCB zingasetyenziswa kwiisekethe ze-AC kunye ne-DC, kodwa ukukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-MCB kubalulekile. Ii-AC MCB zenzelwe ukujongana neempawu zamandla e-AC, ngelixa ii-DC MCB kufuneka zilinganiswe ngokwezinga elithile le-voltage kunye nelangoku kwizicelo ze-DC.

Xa kuyilwa inkqubo yombane, iinjineli kufuneka ziqwalasele uhlobo lwamandla asetyenziswayo kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela. Umzekelo, kwinkqubo yelanga evelisa amandla angqalileyo, ukusebenzisa i-MCB elinganiswe yi-DC kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kwiintambo zokuhlala apho umbane otshintshanayo uqhelekile, i-MCB elinganiswe yi-AC iyimfuneko.

Kufuphi

Ngamafutshane, ii-AC, ii-DC, kunye nee-MCB zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zombane zanamhlanje. Ukuqonda iimpawu zazo, usetyenziso, kunye nobudlelwane kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa kwamandla okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubeka ihambela phambili, ukubaluleka kwezi ngcamango kuya kukhula kuphela, ngoko ke iingcali kweli candelo kufuneka zihlale zinolwazi kwaye zinobuchule kwizicelo zazo. Nokuba ungunjineli, ingcali, okanye umntu othanda izinto ozithandayo, ukwazi iziseko ze-AC, ii-DC, kunye nee-MCB kuya kuphucula ukuqonda kwakho iinkqubo zombane kunye nokusebenza kwazo.