Iintlobo ze-Circuit Breaker kunye neSikhokelo soKhetho

Kwimiba yobunjineli bombane kunye nokhuseleko, igama elithi "circuit breaker" libaluleke kakhulu. I-circuit breaker sisitshixo sombane esizenzekelayo esenzelwe ukukhusela iisekethe kumonakalo obangelwa kukugqithisa okanye ii-short circuits. Umsebenzi waso oyintloko kukuphazamisa umbane xa kufunyenwe impazamo, ngaloo ndlela kuthintelwe iingozi ezinokubakho ezifana nemililo yombane okanye umonakalo wezixhobo. Eli nqaku liza kuhlola iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zee-circuit breakers, kubandakanya iintlobo zazo, imigaqo yokusebenza, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.

Iintlobo zeAbaphuli beeSekethe

Ii-circuit breakers ziza ngeentlobo ngeentlobo, nganye yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kunye neendawo ezithile. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo ziquka:

1. IiMiniature Circuit Breakers (iiMCB):Ezi circuit breakers zisetyenziswa kwizakhiwo zokuhlala nezorhwebo ukuthintela ukugcwala kakhulu kunye nee-short circuits. I-MCB iya kukhubeka ngokuzenzekelayo xa umbane udlula ixabiso elimiselweyo.
2. I-Residual Current Breaker (RCCB):Ekwaziwa ngokuba sisixhobo samandla asele (RCD), olu hlobo lwesiphazamisi sesekethe luthintela ukutshayiswa kombane ngokufumanisa ukungalingani kwamandla. Ukuba kufunyenwe impazamo, i-RCCB iya kuyiqhawula isekethe, ngaloo ndlela ibonelele ngokhuseleko olubalulekileyo.
3. IiMolded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCBs): Ezi circuit breakers zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo zoshishino kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana nemisinga ephezulu. IiMCCBs zibonelela ngokhuseleko lokugqithisa, i-short-circuit, kunye ne-ground fault, nto leyo ezenza zifaneleke kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zombane.
4. Iziphuli zeSekethe yoMoya (ii-ACB): Iziphuli zesekethe yomoya zihlala zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ze-voltage ephezulu kwaye zisebenza ngokusebenzisa umoya njengesixhobo sokucima i-arc. Zifanelekile kwiifakelo zombane ezinkulu kwaye zinokumelana nemithwalo yamandla aphezulu.
5. Isixhobo sokwaphula isekethe seHydraulic-Magnetic: Olu hlobo lwe-circuit breaker ludibanisa iindlela ze-hydraulic kunye ne-magnetic ukuze zikhuphe ii-circuits. Ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo kunye nokuqina kwayo, isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini olwandle kunye neendiza.

Ingaba isebenza kanjani

Umgaqo wokusebenza kwe-circuit breaker ulula kakhulu. Xa umbane ohamba kwi-circuit udlula umthamo olinganisiweyo we-circuit breaker, i-circuit breaker iya kubona oku kungaqhelekanga. Emva koko, i-circuit breaker iya kuvula indlela yayo yokukhubeka, ikhuphe i-circuit kwaye iphazamise umbane. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-circuit breaker, esi senzo sinokubangelwa ziindlela zobushushu, zemagnethi, okanye ze-elektroniki.

Umzekelo, kwi-miniature circuit breaker (MCB), i-bimetallic strip inokutshisa kakhulu kwaye igobe ngenxa yamandla agqithisileyo, ekugqibeleni ibangele ukuba iswitshi ikhubeke. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-residual current operated circuit breaker (RCCB) ixhomekeke ekufumaneni iimpazamo zomhlaba ukuze ifumanise imeko yempazamo. Ii-RCCB zinokukhubeka ngaphakathi kwee-milliseconds, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuqhawuka kombane.

Ukusetyenziswa kwee-circuit breakers

Iziphuli zesekethe ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo zombane zanamhlanje kwaye zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kwiindawo zokuhlala, iziphuli zesekethe zikhusela amakhaya kwiingozi zombane kwaye ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabemi. Kwizakhiwo zorhwebo, iziphuli zesekethe zilawula imithwalo yombane, zithintele ukucima kombane, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.

Kwiindawo zoshishino, ii-circuit breakers zikhusela izixhobo zoomatshini ekonakalisweni okubangelwa ziimpazamo zombane. Zikwabalulekile kwiinkqubo zamandla ahlaziyekayo ezifana neephaneli zelanga kunye nee-wind turbines, zithintela ukuguquguquka kokuveliswa kombane.

Yintoni i-circuit breaker?

Isixhobo sokwaphula isekethe sisixhobo sokhuseleko sombane esenzelwe ukukhusela isekethe yombane kumonakalo obangelwa ngumbane ongaphezulu koko isixhobo esinokukuthwala ngokukhuselekileyo (umbane ogqithisileyo). Umsebenzi waso oyintloko kukuphazamisa ukuhamba kombane ukukhusela izixhobo nokuthintela umlilo.

Kufuphi

Ngamafutshane, ii-circuit breakers ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo zombane, ziqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthintela iimpazamo zombane. Kwabo basebenza kubunjineli bombane okanye ukhuseleko, ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-circuit breakers, imigaqo yazo yokusebenza, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kubalulekile. Ngokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe okuqhubekayo kunye nokwanda kokufakelwa kombane, ii-circuit breakers ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kudlala indima ephambili ekuqinisekiseni ukuthembeka kunye nokhuseleko lweenkqubo zombane. Nokuba zikwindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo, okanye kwimizi-mveliso, ukubaluleka kwee-circuit breakers akunakutyeshelwa, okwenza zibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeziseko zombane zanamhlanje.